In most of the countries in transition from a planned to a market economy (firmer Soviet Union (FSU) and Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)) patients are routinely asked to pay unofficially for the medicines and other supplies that ought to be free. They are often described as 'payments to...

We consider a discriminatory pricing and service differentiation model where: a)state physicians exploit their monopoly position and adjust quality to the unofficial payment made, and b)patients, perceiving state provision as poor, pay unofficially to improve it. Applying OLS and probit analysis...

This discussion paper aims to synthesise a variety of reports and research projects conducted by the International Programme at the Centre for Health Economics, concerning the Vietnamese health system, over the past 4 years. In particular it focuses on the development of the state voluntary...

Moral decision making during dilemmas has become a concern for organizational leaders and stakeholders, as well as society. The purpose of this non-experimental, mixed method, multiple case study was to explore the moral decision making of adult female volunteer leaders associated with a youth...

This paper presents and evaluates pharmaceutical policies in the EU aimed at the rational use of medicines and at keeping pharmaceutical spending under control. Policy makers are growing more aware that by regulating pharmaceutical markets correctly, considerable savings can be achieved without...