The use of proxy variables to control for unobservables when estimating a production function has become increasingly popular in empirical works in recent years. The present paper aims to contribute to this literature in three important ways. First, we provide a structured review of the...

This article explores the reasons why GMM estimators of production function parametersare generally found to produce unsatisfactory results. I attribute this finding to the inaccurateconstruction of the variables used in production function analysis. In particular, I suggest that theproblem lies...