The recent incremental risk charge addition to the Basel (1996) market risk amend- ment requires banks to estimate, separately, the default and migration risk of their trading portfolios that are exposed to credit risk. The new regulation requires the total regulatory charges for trading books...

The new impairment reporting standards require banks to move from incurred loss models to sophisticated macroeconomic based expected credit loss models for current impairment estimation. While the impairments estimation is mainly focused on business as usual macroeconomic projections there is a...

The application of credit risk models in Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review and European Banking Authority mandated regulatory macroeconomic stress testing is of significant concern for banks. The credit models that are used to project stressed losses and impairments under macroeconomic...

The financial crisis at the end of last decade has called for a comprehensive liquidity risk management framework. The challenge not only lies in finding appropriate liquidity risk measures but more importantly how to apply these measures to implement a risk based liquidity management. A core...

Liquidity risk is a risk of not being able to generate enough funds to meet the payment obligation. There has been a growing amount of literature on liquidity assessment and planning following the recent financial crisis. So far, not enough attention is given to the liquidity execution. At the...

In this paper we describe methods of decomposing risk into subcomponents such as contributing instruments, subportfolios or underlying risk factors e.g., equity, foreign exchange, economy-wide systematic and interest rate risk factors. The Euler allocation principle for allocation of instrument...