Urban rail transit (URT) networks serve a large amount of travel demand in metropolitan areas. One of the fundamental challenges in URT demand management is the dynamic interaction between train frequencies and passenger routing behaviors, which becomes even more complicated in oversaturated...

Purpose – This paper aims to examine whether investment efficiency improves after publicly‐traded firms are taken private. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis uses univariate comparisons and regression analysis of panel data. Findings – Before going private, firms' investment...