The implementation of a functioning scheme for the support of electricity production from renewable energy sources (RES-E) in Russia has suffered from considerable delays. This report aims to analyze the role of regions as alternative drivers of RE policy in Russia. In particular, it examines...

In addition to the general non-commercial risks that may affect any foreign direct investment, low-carbon investments face specific risks related to the mechanisms of public support that states develop to enable the financial viability of such projects. In the absence of the full internalization...

Investors in alternative modes of electricity production that build their business cases on support schemes face the risk that states modify the financial incentives provided by these schemes once investments are made and costs are sunk. Similarly, operators of high-efficiency production...

Most existing support schemes aim to stimulate the deployment of renewable energy sources in the electricity sector on the basis of the electricity output (MWh) of renewable energy installations. Support is anchored in the electricity commodity market. In contrast to this established approach,...

The North-West of Russia is characterized by a large renewable energy resource base in geographic proximity to the EU. At the same time, EU Member States are bound by mandatory renewable energy targets which could prove to be costly to achieve in the current budgetary context and which often...

This chapter argues that the innovative approach to governance in the context of EU external energy efficiency has merits given the current deadlock in the negotiation of an international climate change and energy architecture. However, the current implementation of this policy is unlikely to be...