Grid computing evolves toward an open computing environment, which is characterized by highly diversified resource providers and systems. As the control of each computing resource becomes difficult, the security of users¡¯ job is often threatened by various risks occurred at individual...

The digital economy is one of the most important features of the knowledge-based society of the future. Based on information and communications technology (ICT), it grows faster than and eventually overtakes the traditional industrial economy. The fundamental driving forces of the digital...

An open computing environment, in which users without organizational constraints trade computing resources, requires a trustworthy environment due to its inherent uncertainty. However, trust is defined as a subjective belief of a person to another person, thus technological solutions cannot be...