The digital transition in educational testing has introduced many new opportunities for technology to enhance large-scale assessments. These include the potential to collect and use log data on test-taker response processes routinely, and on a large scale. Process data has long been recognised...

A particular scale-invariant index of poverty is subjected to careful analysis. This leads to a new perspective, not seen before, on the family of subgroup-consistent and scale-invariant poverty indices. Parametric families of new poverty indices are presented which offer the analyst a degree of...

While experimental and behavioral economics have extensively studied the role of both upward and downward comparisons of economic status, the latter have been largely neglected in secondary data studies. The scarce existing evidence shows mixed results and is essentially limited to analyses of...