This paper examines the relationship between competitive pressure and financial constraints using firm-level survey data from 27 transition economies of East Europe and Central Asia. Firms exposed to greater competitive pressure from domestic and foreign sources are found to be more likely to...

Intermittent exporters exit and subsequently re-enter exporting. We model this process of exit and conditional re-entry using an extensive dataset of French manufacturing firms from 1997 to 2007. Smaller and less productive firms are more likely to exit exporting, and react more strongly to...