An increase in the demand for agricultural goods leads to the use of more intensive cultivation methods. Though Ricardo sees no difficulties in the intensification process, their existence is revealed by the possible occurrence of multiple equilibria. A general theory of intensive rent is based...

This article proposes a theory of banking of emission permits under conditions of regulatory uncertainty. Based on a two-period partial equilibrium framework, we examine the effects of increasing risk - in the sense of a mean-preserving spread - regarding a future permits allocation at the...

The well known economic advantage of tradable permits over command and control obviously vanishes if firms do not trade because of regulatory uncertainty. In fact, uncertainty about political decision changes in the permits program could make firms reluctant to participate in tradable permits...