This study shows that the representative investor's sophistication in the market for mutual funds is time-varying, and increases with the constraints on household disposable income at the aggregate level. Based on the fact that energy commodities are largely inelastic household expenditures that...

This study shows that mutual fund managers vary in their reliance on category-level information, relative to firm-specific information about assets. Moreover, fund performance decreases with managers' propensity to rely on categories. Fund managers display less skill in picking stocks which are...

This paper studies how security analysts use industry-level and firm-specific information in issuing firms' earnings forecasts. Analysts who use more (less) industry-level (firm-specific) information have less available resources and incentives to allocate effort towards costly firm-specific...

Whether financial returns to university licensing divert faculty from basic research is examined in a life cycle context. As in traditional life cycle models, faculty devote more time to research, which can be either basic or applied, early and more time to leisure as they age. Licensing has...

Although stock returns of intangibles-intensive firms tend to exceed physical assets-intensive firms, risk-adjusted returns of actively managed mutual funds significantly decrease (increase) with their portfolios' exposure to intangibles-intensive (physical assets-intensive) firms. Fund managers...

The decline in initial public offerings (IPOs) has raised concerns about the vitality of the venture capital industry. We examine capital recovery in the VC industry using returns for 1,215 M&A and 1,401 IPO exits from U.S. based venture-backed companies during 1985 to 2008. We find that mean...