Whenever the amount of information produced exceeds the amount of attention available to consume it, a competition for attention is born. The competition is increasingly fierce in science where the exponential growth of information has forced its producers, consumers and gatekeepers to become...

People often infer that high-technology clustersyield economic growth and success because economic growth often results incommunities containing high-technology clusters.Many communities seek toreproduce the success of high-technology clusters like Silicon Valley North inCanada.However, no...

1. Introduction -- 2. Merit and bias -- 3. Lessons from clinical research -- 4. Standards and double standards -- 5. Rules of the game -- 6. Organizing adjudication committees -- 7. Committee deliberations -- 8. Competitions small and large -- 9. The evolution and future of competitions.

This paper presents a evolutionary simulation where the presence of 'tags' and an inbuilt specialisation in terms of skills result in the development of 'symbiotic' sharing within groups of individuals with similar tags. It is shown that the greater the number of possible sharing occasions there...

We consider here issues of open access to social simulations, with a particular focus on software licences, though also briefly discussing documentation and archiving. Without any specific software licence, the default arrangements are stipulated by the Berne Convention (for those countries...

The paper investigates what is meant by "good science" and "bad science" and how these differ as between the natural (physical and biological) sciences on the one hand and social sciences on the other. We conclude on the basis of historical evidence that the natural science are much more heavily...

The objectives of this paper are to define and classify different types of errors and artefacts that can appear in the process of developing an agent-based model, and to propose activities aimed at avoiding them during the model construction and testing phases. To do this in a structured way, we...