This report is an update of the previous Reference Scenario published in 2013. It focuses on the EU energy system, transport and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission developments, including specific sections on emission trends not related to energy, and on the various interactions among policies in...

This project was commissioned to examine the resource efficiency implications of increased EU use of bioenergy for electricity and heat until 2050. Methods of analysis include an extensive literature and statistical review, detailed GLOBIOM modelling of cross-sectorial wood biomass production...

This document presents a description of the data used and the processing carried out to derive global cropland and rangeland area fraction images at 500 m utilized by the JRC early warning system ASAP (Anomaly hotspot of Agricultural Production,...

GEOSS (Global Earth Observation System of Systems) is an initiative to network earth observation professionals and researchers. GEOSS promotes technical standards for different aspects of remote sensing. This document is one of them; it is dedicated to the use of remote sensing for crop area...

In the aftermath of the use of ammunition containing Depleted Uranium (DU) during the Gulf War in 1991 and in the Balkans in the nineties, a controversy emerged in the public opinion on the alleged effects of DU on man's health and on the environment. Official reports, mainly of military origin,...

This paper presents a detailed documentation of the hybrid energy-economy model REMIND-D. REMIND-D is a Ramsey-type growth model for Germany that integrates a detailed bottom-up energy system module, coupled by a hard link. The model provides a quantitative framework for analyzing long-term...