The setting of this study is a watershed in Lampung, Indonesia where soil erosion has broad implications for both on-site and off-site environmental damage. The strategy to engage farmers in environmental protection initiative is through the Payment for Environmental Services (PES) scheme. A key...

It is widely believed that land tenure insecurity under a customary tenure system leads to socially inefficient resource allocation. This article demonstrates that land tenure insecurity promotes tree planting, which is inefficient from the private point of view but could be relatively efficient...