Strategic autonomy can be bolstered by applying circularity strategies such as reducing primary inputs and recycling critical raw materials in key technologies. However, effective actions require high definition at the material or technology level, leading to a non-systematic and often tedious...

We try to establish which is the structure that best defines the venezuelan foreign exchange market. Asking ourselves whether there exist a group of agents able to exert market power. We assume that the flow of currency between banks follows a first order stochastic Markov process of first...

There are increasing numbers of published articles in the field of input-output analysis and modelling that use the GTAP input-output database; particularly, in relation to the estimation of carbon, energy and water footprints and the analysis of global value chains and international trade. The...

The EU automotive industry has important upstream linkages that affect EU regions in a different way, depending on their position into the global value chain of the automotive industry. - Therefore, policy measures addressing the EU automotive industry need to take into consideration upstream...

This report examines the strategic importance of titanium metal for the European Union (EU) economy and explores the potential for increased circularity in its value chain. Recognised as both a critical and strategic raw material under the EU Critical Raw Materials Act, titanium is essential for...

There are increasing numbers of published articles in the field of input-output analysis and modelling that use the GTAP input-output database; particularly, in relation to the estimation of carbon, energy and water footprints and the analysis of global value chains and international trade. The...

Strategic autonomy can be bolstered by applying circularity strategies such as reducing primary inputs and recycling critical raw materials in key technologies. However, effective actions require high definition at the material or technology level, leading to a non-systematic and often tedious...