The lender of last resort (LLR) function is a form of micro-management employed by central banks, usually in cooperation with or under the direction of governments, either to mitigate banking panics, or to prevent them from occurring. This paper considers the employment of the LLR function in...

The existence of a self-regulating arbitrage mechanism under the gold standard has been tradi-tionally considered as one of its main advantages, and attracted a corresponding research interest.This research is arguably relevant not only to test for the effciency of the gold points, but also...