Despite the pervasiveness of the Internet by 2010, 21% of Canadian households and some 29% of American households did not go online. The digital divide based on location (urban versus rural) persists, although it is narrowing. Although the digital divides based on income, education and age have...

Today we have near-universal availability of the Internet, with over 3 billion users in some 200 countries worldwide. Simultaneously the mobile phone, with some 7.1 billion subscriptions globally by the end of 2015, has become the most widely used communications device in the world, the access...