Ground-source heat pump (GSHP) systems are helpful for reducing building-sector heating and cooling energy consumption. As the core part of the GSHP system, the underground heat exchanger has a large influence on the heat transfer performance (HTP) of the system. The ground temperature variation...

A Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) is a policy tool that sets a requirement for retail sellers of electricity to provide a minimum portion of their electricity sales from renewable resources. The RPS at state levels has become one of the most important policy incentives for stimulating clean...