In recent years, Poland witnessed a dramatic decline in its unemployment rate and, from having had one of the worst jobless records in the EU-27, the country now posts a figure below the Union average. However, this remarkable turnaround has apparently been driven by amendments to the country's...

It is frequently held that the old “official” unions have largely been discredited, while numerous studies point to employee dissatis‐faction with the performance of unions new and old in the era of transformation in Central and Eastern Europe. Nevertheless, membership has not collapsed,...

A major policy initiative over the past decade or so has been the deregulation of professional and financial services. In particular, reforms have been directed at structural deregulation, i.e. the removal of restrictions upon entry to or exit from specified markets and upon the permissible...

We examine the synchronization of European Union (EU) financial markets before and during the recent financial crisis. A DCC-GARCH framework captures dynamic correlations and a Markov-Switching framework captures regime changes. For the 27 nations of the EU, we formulate characteristics of the...