Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate and test for changes in investor risk aversion and the stochastic discount factor (SDF) using options data on the West Texas Intermediate crude oil futures contract during the 2007-2011 period. Design/methodology/approach – Risk aversion...

This paper examines financial market integration in North-America from January 1984 to December 2003, using two basic CAPM and APT test models. We introduce a methodology valid in finite samples for the CAPM model. A pivotal statistic is introduced to correct for the so-called dimensionality...