The main purpose of this paper is to study the economics of interchange fee in payment card association. The different arrangements for interchange fees and the nosurcharge rule lower the level of competition intensity that would otherwise have occurred and push interchange fees up. In many...

ABSTRACT & RÉSUMÉ : Digitalization in Sub-Saharan Africa enhanced the accessibility of communications by the majority of the poor who had been excluded among others from social media, independent information channels, mobile banking and e-commerce. The creation of new economic opportunities,...

German Abstract: Die Digitalisierung in Subsahara-Afrika verbesserte Kommunikations-Zugang für die Mehrheit der Armen, die bis dahin unter anderem von sozialen Medien, unabhängigen Informationskanälen, Mobile Banking und E-Commerce ausgeschlossen waren. Die Schaffung neuer wirtschaftlicher...

The CAPM theory provides a measure of the sensitivity of an asset to the market called the systematic risk. The Beta of equity is estimated by its market line. According to the OLS hypothesis, it is stable over time but this is not empirically verified. Many studies are in favour with this fact...

Following the high variability of floating exchange rates after the collapse of the Bretton-Wood System, policymakers have increasingly relied on weighted exchange rate indexes (nominal effective exchange rate index) or indexes of competitiveness (real effective exchange rate or...

The industrial emergence of African countries has been a central concern for many decades. Knowing that the volume of international capital flows to Sub-Saharan African countries has been steadily increasing, this study has analysed the effect of this international capital on structural...

Cet article estime l’effet des restructurations industrielles sur le niveau de diplôme acquis par les jeunes générations sur la période 1956-1993 en France. Nous mobilisons les données issues de l’enquête Formation et Qualification Professionnelle 2003 et de plusieurs vagues...

This work aims to identify the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and export diversification in Morocco. The estimation results, driven by a Generalized Moment Methods (GMM) over the period 1980-2014, show that positive FDI and GFCF encourage export diversification while per...

This paper provides some new empirical features on price setting behaviour for French producers using micro data underlying the producer and business-services price indices over the period 1994-2005. Some crucial methodological issues on the collection of producer prices are raised. Then, the...