Traditional Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) neglects uncertainty for the input-output variables by treating the … benchmarking. In stochastic environments, the traditional framework may include stochastically dominated reference units and … exclude stochastically undominated ones. To incorporate uncertainty for the input-output variables in DEA, we propose a …

ownership, risk, debt policy, and dividend policy which are included as strategic variables in company.s decision making of … ownership, risk, debt policy, and dividend policy affect each other significantly. Furthermore, the result of this research also …