The development of economic thought in the Islamic tradition started since the beginning of the first century of the Hijrah. This period is a time when the scientific works about how to achieve economic progress and strengthen the country through foreign trade intangibles movements in the West,...

Collective behavior is a phenomena emerged from interacting elements of a complex system. This paper is a preliminary study for the spatial analysis to investigate the spatial characteristics from the correlations within election data. We demonstrate the emerged scale-free spatial correlation by...