This paper analyze the structure of the standard fiscal needs (SFN) of local allocation tax grants in Japanese prefectural data. The previous works on SFN reported that the scale effect of SFN (a U shaped per capita SFN curve) are observed in Japan. We mainly showed the per capita SFN has the...

Recently, Japanese public pension scheme has been discussed more often, especially about how to finance the scheme. It is possible to finance the scheme by wage-proportional contribution or by Value-Added-Tax, but the allocation may be different depending on the financial method. I find that an...

年金の議論が盛んになってきているが, その中で特に関心がもたれているのは財政方式の問題である。財政方式には保険料方式と消費税方式などがあり, それに依存して資源配分が変化する。本研究では,...