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This paper reports a survey result conducted in May 2012. We sent a questionnaire to 3,000 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), whose main business sector is manufacture and which locate in Aichi Prefecture, one of the largest economic regions in Japan. 803 SMEs answered this...

The number of municipalities in Japan has decreased from 3,232 in 1999 to 1,820 in 2006 because of municipal mergers, called Heisei-no-Daigappei. This paper estimates the effects of municipal mergers in Japan’s local public expenditure. In order to evaluate the expenditure of municipal...

This paper analyze the structure of the standard fiscal needs (SFN) of local allocation tax grants in Japanese prefectural data. The previous works on SFN reported that the scale effect of SFN (a U shaped per capita SFN curve) are observed in Japan. We mainly showed the per capita SFN has the...

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate an effect of new fiscal rules in the Japanese prefectural government. Especially, we focus on creative accounting [von Hagen and Wolff (2006)] in the Law Relating to the Financial Soundness of Local Governments (2007, Law No. 94). We estimated the effect...

This paper explored the yardstick competition among Japanese municipalities in providing medical subsidy for infants and children. In recent years, against the background of rapidly declining birthrate in Japan, municipalities aimed to reduce the medical burden of families with small children....

In this paper, the public burden for physical check-up of pregnant women is considered. This is a public expense that must be implemented by local governments independently. Public expenditure in this regard may be determined strategically by local governments to take into account the public...

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate an effect of new fiscal rules in the Japanese prefectural government. Especially, we focus on creative accounting [von Hagen and Wolff (2006)] in the Law Relating to the Financial Soundness of Local Governments (2007, Law No. 94). We estimated the effect...

Korean Abstract: 최근 구글의 알고리즘 변경 및 검색결과 조작에 대한 EU의 제재, 라쿠텐이 온라인 입점업체의 가격 결정권을 침해하고 무료 배송정책을 도입한 행위에 대한 일본 경쟁당국의 제한 조치, 네이버가 자사상품...