According to the social partners, other stakeholders and recent studies, the shortage of qualified personnel in maritime and inland waterway transport is posing problems. This study aims to provide background information on the causes and impact of this shortage.

The market environment for seaborne trade has changed considerably within the last 15 years. Globalisation, offshoring and the unprecedented growth of containerisation have led to changes in maritime transport and logistics chains. The worldwide economic downturn of 2008-2009 has also had an...