The basic idea of real options analysis is that flexibility has value. Increasing the flexibility of investmentprojects may therefore substantially increase their value. Ignoring the value of flexibility implies that erroneously investmentprojects without much flexibility may be preferred to...

In cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) it is usually assumed that a QALY is of equal value to everybody, irrespective of the patient's age. However, it is possible that society assigns different social values to a QALY according to who gets it. In this paper we discuss the possibility of weighting...