as the mismatch between the changes in the retirement age and increasing life expectancy, the return of retired persons … to the labor market without any restriction, which is allowed by law, differences in the retirement legislation for men …

base; a theoretical model on the existence of economies of scale in complementary pensions, the quantitative methods used … pensions are stronger than in the rest of the world. …

Rural workers in Brazil can access old-age pensions five years earlier than urban workers. The objective of this study … suggests that having different ages of eligibility for old-age pensions for rural and urban workers is, at best, an unusual … absolute terms. The conclusion is that there seems to be no solid rationale for having a lower (and arbitrary) retirement age …

In this paper, we calculate the necessary payroll tax to reach the financial equilibrium of the retirement system for …

of pensions, to the poorest. Exercises to standardize the age structure, pattern of mortality and socioeconomic factors …

The European Employment Strategy has set the goal of raising the retirement age of workers in the EU through a strategy … supranational policy initiatives and national politico-economic factors in shaping the transition from work to retirement in EU … the approach of firms and workers to early retirement. Policy changes influence actors’ behavior in the medium run and …