Using a factor decomposition of the Gini coefficient we measure the contribution to inequality of direct monetary transfers to and from the Brazilian State. Among the transfers from the State are wages of public workers, pensions and social assistance; the transfers to the State are direct taxes....

The Brazilian tax system places undue emphasis on indirect taxes - which comprise over 51% of its gross tax burden. The country's insistence on taxes on goods and services (indirect taxes) - to the detriment of taxes on income and property (direct taxes) - undermines the real application of the...

This study draws on the recent release of complete information about earnings from the National Longitudinal Household Survey (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua - PNAD Contínua) for 2012-2018, to evaluate the targeting of the Bolsa Família Programme. The results confirm...

Using a factor decomposition of the Gini coefficient we measure the contribution to inequality of direct monetary transfers to and from the Brazilian State. Among the transfers from the State are wages of public workers, pensions and social assistance; the transfers to the State are direct taxes....

The Brazilian tax system places undue emphasis on indirect taxes - which comprise over 51% of its gross tax burden. The country's insistence on taxes on goods and services (indirect taxes) - to the detriment of taxes on income and property (direct taxes) - undermines the real application of the...

This study draws on the recent release of complete information about earnings from the National Longitudinal Household Survey (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua - PNAD Contínua) for 2012-2018, to evaluate the targeting of the Bolsa Família Programme. The results confirm...

This working paper discusses how decision support can contribute to the formulation of public policies to achieve greater consistency and coherence. If decision support fulfills its role, it is assumed that this favors the design of more efficient and effective government programs. In order to...

The ex ante analysis aims, among other aspects, to formulate public policies and design government programs that are born ready to be monitored and evaluated. Evidence-based policies and programs may be improved only if each step taken by public action leaves some traces for the monitoring of...

When governments launch policies or programs without any prior analysis, with unclear objectives, undefined or unjustifiable public selection, poorly conceptualized interventions, fragmented and often contradictory actions, without indicators and targets, and with insufficient inputs (small and...

This work is divided into two complementary parts. In the first part, we develop a partial equilibrium model, through which it is possible to analyze the influence of tariff modicity and the illegal occupation of poles on four agents: energy distributors, telecommunications operators, and energy...