Turkish Abstract: En önemli siyasal ve ekonomik bütünleşme hareketlerinden birisi olan Avrupa Birliği ile olan ilişkiler üye olsun olmasın çoğu ülkeler icin önem taşımaktadır. Zira bu ülkeler topluluğu önemli bir boyuta ulaşmakta ve bu ‘pazar’ ile alışveriş yapacak...

Turkish Abstract: 'Özel Çekme Hakları' deyimi baslıca iki şeyi ifade etmektedir: Birinci olarak bir 'hesap birimini' simgelemektedir. Öte yandan bir 'açık kredi' anlamına gelmektedir. Özel Çekme Hakları Para Fonu'nun bir hesap standardı olarak görülmelidir. Bunların 'kağıt...

The World Bank (WB) was found in accordance with the Bretton Woods agreement in 1944 with the mission of assisting post war reconstruction and alleviating poverty. The WB is an international institution that aims to expand development through the allocation of loans in developing countries with...

Turkey has started to implement the export-oriented foreign trade strategy in place of foreign trade importsubstitution strategy with the decisions of January 24, 1980. The 1980s, that began to implement the export-oriented foreign trade strategy,was a period in which economic and trade...

This study aims to investigate the impacts of financial development (i.e. the ratio of domestic credit to private sector as a percent of GDP) and household indebtedness on the output growth of the 13 G-20 countries. Yearly database covers the period 2002-2013 for the USA, the UK, Japan, Korea,...

This paper examines the effects of exchange rate volatility on the export of Turkey in the context of cointegration model over the monthly period of 1989:01-2002:08. The major results show that increases in the volatility of the real exchange rate, approximating exchange-rate uncertainty, exert...

This study aims to determine whether the traditional or portfolio approach is relevant for developing countries, by using the relationship between stock prices and exchange rates. For this purpose, cointegration (Pesaran et al., 2001) and causality tests (Toda Yamamoto, 1995) are used to examine...