Maritime operations have global interface functions connecting supply chain networks on a transportation and distribution platform of international, regional, and domestic trade. These maritime operations have the potential capability to generate wide-scale disruptive effects to other tiers in...

In recent years, maritime transport operators (i.e. port operators, shippinglines and freight forwarders) have been faced with a rapidly changing businessenvironment. As a result of this, they have been forced to make complex decisions in ways that will allow them to effectively respond to these...