Extends the demand-oriented models of local expenditure and employment determination by incorporating a measure of service contracting-the percent of local services externally produced. In the case of expenditures, a median-voter model is estimated which includes the contracting measure. In the...

This article investigates the nature of the service production of local governments. The incentives and constraints embedded in different organizational forms--public, nonprofit, and for-profit organizations--have implications for both production and transaction costs of various production...