Effective levels of firms?' R&D are understood here to depend, at an international scale, on where they are located due to country-specific spillovers of fundamental R&D. A duopoly model is proposed in which each firm is initially located in a different country. Since knowledge is assumed to be...

In this paper we examine how a gap between levels of scientific knowledge in two countries affects the location of a firm?s fundamental R?D activities. When based in a less advanced country, a firm may decide to set up a research laboratory abroad in order to enrich the basic knowledge stock...

A two-country model is proposed to examine the interrelation between the acquisition of human capital abroad and the international migration of skilled workers. Students in a domestic country face the choice of either studying and working at home, or undertaking studies abroad, offering variable...

By focusing on Japanese investment in R & D, relative to those of France and the United States, this paper offers an unique perspective on the remarkable evolution in Japan's international technological competitiveness since the 1960s. The empirical findings, based on annual flow and stock...

This paper assesses the nexus between changes in governance structures—at national and cooperative international levels—and evolutionary processes of economic integration in light of regional policy targets in Asia. The analysis highlights the importance of improved governance as an...