Franchising, which accounts for a significant share of the U.S. domestic service industry, has also become a major strategic alternative in the international expansion of U.S. service firms. This article attempts to explain the international franchising and control decision by U.S.-based service...

What determines a service firm's organizational choice between equity-based control and franchising? This question, which has elicited some theoretical answers and a few empirical tests in a domestic setting, has never been addressed in an international context before. This study explains the...

We consider the dynamics of knowledge-based sources of advantage as they move betweengeographical locations and multinational and other firm level networks using the specialistcontext of Formula 1 motor over a fifty nine year period. We suggest that shifts incompetitive advantage are underpinned...