A generally accepted view is that it is more efficient and ethical if global pharmaceutical prices vary according to countries? relative income. To understand manufacturers? pricing strategies, we compared average pharmaceutical prices in fourteen middle-income countries to those in three...

Valuing health outcomes is a fundamental concern in health economics. This article considers a measure of health outcomes: the Quality Adjusted Life Year (QALY). The QALY has been used extensively for two main reasons: (1) it arguably values health outcomes in a more acceptable metric than money...

The last decade has shown a concerted effort in the UK to find ways of reducing coronary heart disease (CHD), culminating in the recent government target of a 30% reduction in the rates in people under the age of 65 years to be achieved between 1988 and 2000 by modification of the main risk...

High levels of pathogen resistance are rendering current antibiotics obsolete. Coupled with insufficient investment in discovering new treatments, multidrug-resistant infections are an increasingly urgent public health concern. To curb the growth of antibiotic resistance and prevent major...

This article uses panel data to investigate the extent of income-related inequity in the likelihood of visiting a General Practitioner (GP), specialist, dentist and hospital among individuals aged 65 years and over in the UK. The probability of accessing health care is predicted with separate...