Work organizations vary in the challenges and opportunities they provide for female and minority employees. This variation along with basic research has made it possible for social scientists to increasingly understand what kinds of employment practices are good and bad for equal opportunity at...

The research reported here builds on our earlier work on sex differences in the allocation of effort. In our earlier analysis of data from a repre- sentative sample of the working population (Bielby and Bielby 1985), we found that women allocate significantly more effort to work than do men with...

In this paper we apply recently developed models for the estimation of reliability and stability coefficients from panel data to a study of scientific productivity. The models, which assume a first-order autoregressive process among true-score variables, yield either reliability and stability...