Based on the Girsanov theorem, this paper obtains the exact finite sample distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator of structural break points in a continuous time model. The exact finite sample theory suggests that, in empirically realistic situations, there is a strong finite sample...

Large sample properties are studied for a first-order autoregression (AR(1)) with a root greater than unity. It is shown that, contrary to the AR coefficient, the least-squares (LS) estimator of the intercept and its t-statistic are asymptotically normal without requiring the Gaussian error...

Government is the primary financer of conservation services, but conservation financing in government is rarely studied. This study makes two contributions to understanding conservation financing in government. First, it develops a framework to classify and analyse conservation funding. Applying...

In this paper, a class of non-autonomous reaction-diffusion neural networks with time-varying delays is investigated. By establishing a new differential inequality and employing the properties of spectral radius of nonnegative matrix and diffusion operator, the global attracting and positive...

In this paper, we study the impulsive stochastic Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with mixed delays. By establishing an L-operator differential inequality with mixed delays and using the properties of M-cone and stochastic analysis technique, we obtain some sufficient conditions ensuring the...