Abstract This paper provides an analysis of the funding structure of the railways in eight European countries. It updates and expands the well-known database on public contributions to rail, which has initially been published by [NERA (2004) Study of the Financing of and Public Budget...

Only some commercial passenger rail markets in Europe have been liberalized so far. Service providers have access to international routes and to national services in some countries. The EU Commissions plans to present a proposal for full liberalization in 2012. The article describes the current...

We show that for a spatially differentiated economy reduced product variety is the likely outcome of mergers except in cases where exit costs in relation to (outlet specific) fixed costs are high. Our empirical analysis of the Austrian retail gasoline market confirms that increases in...

This article adds technology choice to a free-entry Cournot model with linear demand and constant marginal costs. Firms can choose from a discrete set of technologies. This simple framework yields the nonexistence of (pure-strategy) equilibrium and the existence of multiple equilibria and...

This article analyzes the adoption and diffusion of new technology in a market for a differentiated product with monopolistic competition. I show that in a noncooperative equilibrium ex ante identical firms adopt a new technology at different dates. This equilibrium can be described by a simple...

We introduce technology choice into a model of monopolistic competition and analyze the structural effects of changes in market size. A larger market leads to the adoption of a large-scale technology. If a technology switch occurs, the number of firms decreases, and a rationalizing effect...

This paper reexamines the effect of the regulatory regime on both penetration and coverage of broadband access to the internet. The framework also allows for an evaluation of different public policy measures such as subsidization of broadband demand and supply. A welfare analysis asks what the...