This book provides a comprehensive appraisal of social security in Japan, where traditionally the burden of welfare provision has been the main responsibility of the family and employers, rather than the state. However, an ageing population, changes in family structure and continued recession...

Deterioration of public capital in the US has been reported to be in crisis since the mid 1970s. There is an argument which insists that the deterioration is caused by the shortage of expenditure on the maintenance of public capital. The budget allocation for maintenance is not a technological...

The purposes of this paper are to describe the behaviors of consumers and producers in the knowledge creation process and derive the optimal strategy for increasing the value of creativity in the market. This paper mathematically models the incentives that consumers have to contribute to...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the conditions under which public investment can be allocated to the infrastructure in material and non-material capital so as to have a positive effect on regional development and interregional inequality. To investigate this issue, the paper focuses on...