The economies of central and eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union have traditionally been very energy intensive. Energy intensity (defined as energy use per GDP) has decreased in the course of transition, but progress has been uneven and most transition countries still use several times as...

We investigate how moral concerns about permit trading affect an endogenous pollution permit trading equilibrium, where governments choose non-cooperatively the amount of permits they allocate to domestic industries. Politicians may feel reluctant to allow permit trading and/or may prefer that...

The negotiation strategy of the European Union was analysed with respect to the formation of an international climate agreement for the post-2012 era. Game theory was employed to explore the incentives for key players in the climate policy arena to join future climate agreements. A - 20%...

This paper discusses the ethical underpinnings of climate finance. We ask what the optimal flow of financial assistance for mitigation (to reduce emissions), adaptation (to become climate resilient) and development (to increase income) would be if rich countries care about the inter- and...

In this paper we estimate the external cost caused by odor from an animal waste processing facility in Flanders, using new odor measures based on field measurements. We compare four ways of incorporating odor nuisance: distance to the source, distance zones, continuous odor measures, and odor...

Although the UN and EU focus their climate policies on the prevention of a 2 °C global mean temperature rise, it has been estimated that a rise of at least 4 °C is more likely. Given the political climate of inaction, there is a need to instigate a bottom-up approach so as to build domestic...

We relax the single agreement and open membership assumptions that are implicit in the concept of internal and external stability, which has been widely used to analyze the formation of international environmental agreements (IEAs). By means of numerical simulations we investigate the impact of...