We analyze two-stage games where players may make binding offers of schemes for side payment acceptance (or rejection) as well as those for side payments before choosing actions. We find that any set of efficient actions maximizing the total payoff is played on an equilibrium path of the...

We characterize efficient equilibrium outcomes of two-player games that remain equilibrium outcomes even when the two players may alternately make binding offers of strategy contingent side payments before the game is played. Our characterization result implies that alternately contracting for...