While some argue that trade liberalization has raised incomes and led to environmental protection in developing countries, others claim that it generates neither poverty reduction nor sustainability. The detailed case studies in this book demonstrate that neither interpretation is universally...

Varied environmental quality in terms of NOSUB align=rightx/SUB, SOSUB align=rightx/SUB etc. has been demonstrated as being associated with the per capita income of a specific region or/country, known as the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in the form of an inverted U-shaped curve. Recently,...

Environmental variability and climate change has become an enormous challenge of our time. Policy approaches to find sustainable strategies and interventions have become more and more important by the day. Whilst it is difficult to predict the current and future impacts of a phenomenon with such...

The impact of environmental change on the incidence of poverty through the changes in the livelihood options is expected to be significant. The resilience and condition of environment and ecosystems to deliver services within vulnerable regions is quite often crucial for ensuring livelihood...

This volume deals with the growth of aquaculture farming, largely driven by export demand, in the Sunderbans and its impact on the ecosystem, biodiversity, land use change, and human well-being. It raisse questions on: social cost of erosion of biodiversity, land conversion, sustainability of...

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Export of shrimps and prawns using intensive cultivation in the Sundarban area of Indian Bengal had a negative impact on mangrove forests in 1980s. Land conversions from agricultural use and mangrove forest to shrimp ponds are significant. The impact of changing economic factors such as trade on...