High technology is not a well-defined issue in economics. In this paper, it is divided into very high R&D-intensive, so-called 'leading-edge', and 'high-level' technology, i.e. above-average R&D-intensive products. The similarity of exports and imports in both subdivisions of high technology is...

Innovation literature centres more on technical advance and less on scientific change. In this paper the scientific basis comes under specific scrutiny. The empirical part consists of a case study of the laser market and the particularly interesting laser medicine submarket. A new measurement...

When quantifying spillover effects among technologies and between science and technology one faces the problem that clear-cut measurement procedures are difficult to define and to validate. The well-known approach by indexing certain outputs (patent documents) grasps only parts of the complex...