In this note, the authors present the outcomes of two unit root tests, which allow for the existence of a break in real GDP for twelve industrial countries, using data for the period 1870-1989. The authors conclude that in the majority of the countries real per capita GDP has no unit root and...

In this paper, the stationarity of aggregate output is examined using the scaled variogram for a sample of twelve countries. It is argued that if the true data generating process of output is stationary around a deterministic trend with a change in mean and/or growth rate, the results of...

Banks play a central role in the functioning of the economy. Not only do they allocate financial resources, they also collectively create money in the process of granting loans. In this way, they have a considerable impact on the type of activities that are financed in society. During the...

We examine the impact of various dimensions of financial reform on the likelihood of systemic and non-systemic banking crises. Using new financial reform measures for a large sample of developing and developed countries for the period 1973 to 2002, our multivariate probit modeling results...