This paper studies the effects on fixed to mobile substitution (FMS) that has evolved into an essential industry trend. Based on data from 1997 through 2005, three kinds of effects, income, affordable and threshold, are derived from various FMS patterns in developed and developing economies. The...

A structure presenting relevant constructs of vulnerability for developing but not least-developed countries in the global trade regime shift was first proposed. Based on the structure, the vulnerability constructs were empirically summarized as three independent factors: economic scale,...

The global financial crisis that started from 2007 onwards spread around the world and impacted the performance of banks in major economies. Many governments have used a variety of intervention policies to recover their financial systems. By examining the dynamic changes in bank performance...

We examine how the change in investor sentiment (IS) over time (the IS trend) affects stock returns. The turnover rates of trading shares, trading value, and transactions, three market measures of trading activity, have been demonstrated to meet the psychometric criteria for measuring the IS...