The arrival of cloud computing provides firms a new way to access digital technologies as digital services. Yet, capital incentive policies present in every OECD country are still targeted towards investments in information technology (IT) capital. If cloud services are partial substitutes for...

Although economists have long been advocating the use incentive-based policies to internalise the external costs of pollution from road transport, implementation of a "pigovian" tax presents considerable practical difficulties. As such, a number of "second-best" policies have been suggested, and...