We present an empirical implementation of a general-equilibrium model of international trade with heterogeneous manufacturing firms. The theory underlying our model is consistent with Melitz (2003) and Bernard et al. (2004). A nonlinear structural estimation procedure identifies a set of core...

We present an empirical implementation of a general-equilibrium model of international trade with heterogeneous manufacturing firms. The theory underlying our model is consistent with Melitz (2003). A nonlinear structural estimation procedure identifies a set of core parameters and unobserved...

Recent analysis across several trade theories suggests that, given appropriate calibration, trade and welfare are insensitive to the particular industrial organization. We show that industrial organization does matter, once we consider a second sector that competes for factor services.

"Dawkins, Srinivasan, and Whalley ("Calibration,""Handbook of Econometrics, "2001) propose that estimation is calibration. We illustrate their point by examining a leading econometric application in the study of international and interregional trade by Anderson and van Wincoop ("Gravity with...

We note that calibration parameters in a multi-country Armington trade model play a role similar to that of econometric residuals: they allow the model to fit the data exactly. We use this premise to evaluate the "fit" of a standard multi-country computable general-equilibrium model. We find...