In 2004, the Chávez regime in Venezuela distributed the list of several million voters whom had attempted to remove him from office throughout the government bureaucracy, allegedly to identify and punish these voters. We match the list of petition signers distributed by the government to...

During 2002-2004, the identities of millions of Venezuelan voters who had signed petitions to recall President Hugo Chavez or opposition politicians from office were made public by the government. We match these petition signers to manufacturing firm owners and household survey respondents to...

In 2004, the Chávez regime in Venezuela distributed the list of several million voters whom had attempted to remove him from office throughout the government bureaucracy, allegedly to identify and punish these voters. We match the list of petition signers distributed by the government to...

The Plan Nacional de Vigilancia Comunitaria por Cuadrantes (PNVCC) is a new police patrolling program introduced in the eight major cities of Colombia in 2010 by the National Police. The strategy divides the largest cities into small geographical areas (cuadrantes), assigns six policemen to...

We evaluate the success of the Venezuelan government's latest nationwide literacy program, Misión Robinson, using official Venezuelan government survey data. Controlling for existing trends in literacy rates by age groups over the period 1975-2005, we find at most a small positive effect of...

This paper provides a framework and estimates of enrollment rates per natural and combines them with previous income and child mortality per-natural estimates to produce a Human Development Index by country of birth as opposed to country of residence (per natural). The methodology is applied for...