Every reindeer herder in Finland belongs to one of 56 co-operatives, each known as a <italic>paliskunta</italic>. In addition, some reindeer owners herd using the folkloric <italic>siida</italic> model of co-operation. Content analysis of interviews conducted with reindeer herders -- referred to as reindeer husbandry...

Migration network theory addresses the cumulative causation of migration as a result of reduced social, economic, and emotional costs of migration pursuant to the formation of migration networks. Because it introduces a sociological dimension, network theory improves the mechanical and...