The trade restrictiveness index is the uniform trade tax factor which is equivalent in trade restrictiveness to the actual structure of domestic taxes subsidies. Its application to Mexican agricultural policy from 1985 to 1990 reveals an increase in restrictiveness. To return to the trade...

Empirical studies suggest that trade reform has a positive effect on employment and income for the poor; however, there are winners and losers. If the transitional costs of trade liberalization fall disproportionately on the poor, trade reform can be designed to mitigate these effects. This...

This paper reviews the economics of trade policy in financial services, highlighting differences between trade across borders and through commercial presence. Trade liberalization could complement other financial reforms by enhancing the efficiency, quality, and variety of financial services and...

The author investigates market power and the distribution of rents in the market for Mexico's exports of apparel tothe United States under the Multi - Fibre Arrangement (MFA). Conventional wisdom holds that voluntary restraints, such as those under the MFA, are superior to other kinds of trade...