With the liberalization of energy markets integrated energy companies have separated into entities that specialize in production and/or transmission of energy. Transmission of energy requires balancing the grid to guarantee system security, which is performed by the (independent) system operator...

We study the distinct impacts of own and rival actions on risk and return when firms strategically compete in the product market. Contrary to simple intuition, a competitor's options to adjust capacity reduce own-firm risk. For example, if a rival possesses a growth option, an increase in...

We examine a model in which two firms strategically compete in a duopolistic product market. Firms produce a homogenous product and face stochastic industry demand. Each firm has a single option either to expand or contract capacity, and hence output. In this setup we analyze the risk...

The recent trend toward decarbonization led to crucial challenges for network operators and regulators in terms of network reliability and optimal grid expansion. In order to analyze the effects of rising shares of renewable energy sources on investment decisions in both, the generation and the...

Abstract This paper will give an overview of the literature, concerning investments in the public sector. With regarding investment in the public sector in general, the discount factors and the risk the investors are confronted with, must therefore be taken into account. For analyzing the public...

A recent highly disputed subject of regulating energy markets in Europe is the unbundling of vertically integrated up-and downstream firms. While legal unbundling is already implemented in most countries and indisputable in its necessity for approaching regulatory aims, continuative models such...